Marketing Strategy for Decline Stage Essay

Showcasing Strategy for Decline Stage Posted on April 2, 2012 by administrator in Marketing. The principle attributes of the development stage which help to characterize the proper advertising procedures are Sales of most item structures and brands in the end decrease Decline might be because of Technical advances which lead to better substitutes Change in client taste with time Increase in rivalry Lower deals volume prompts Over limit Increases cost cutting Profit disintegration Carrying a frail item might be exorbitant if there are no appropriate vital motivations to keep the prodict alive in the market. To deal with declining deals, promoting technique could be Increase firms contribute to rule advertise/quality serious position Maintain interests in developments and R&D until vulnerabilities above industry are settled Decrease firms contribute, specifically by dropping unrewarding items and spotlight on pleasant zones and gainful items Harvesting or stripping the item according to the GE Matrix key development model. Suitable showcasing methodology for this stage relies totally upon Industry’s relative allure and Company’s quality in the business. In the event that the business is alluring and friends has noteworthy quality in the business then the organization may choose to hold the item or brand regardless of whether deals volume decrease during this stage. Post Tagged with Decline Stage, Marketing Strategy, PLC ↠ Previous Post If you appreciated this article please think about sharing it! Next Post â†' Like crackmba.com/promoting procedure for-decay stage/ 1/5 9/4/13 Promoting Strategy for Decline Stage | CrackMBACrackMBA Search Classifications open all | close all Banking (114) Finance Wiki (183) HRM (9) Important Alert/News (95) Marketing (23) Online Fraud (1) Operations (20) Practice Tests (115) Previous Papers (24) Quiz (505) Strategy (8) Systems/IT (38) Email Subscription Enter your email address: crackmba.com/advertising technique for-decay stage/ 2/5 9/4/13 Advertising Strategy for Decline Stage | CrackMBACrackMBA Buy in Delivered by FeedBurner Pages open all | close all Finance Wiki Marketing Strategy Systems/IT HRM Operations Quiz Banking Alerts/News IBPS Online Fraud Recent Posts Previous Papers Practice Tests Labels Banking Awareness Quiz Banking Glossary Banking Quiz Banking Terms Banking Bonds Business Quiz Capital Market PC Awareness Quiz Computer Quiz Data Test CMM Translation Debt Securities DI Different Assets English Exam Alert Finance Test Financial Ratio Analysis IBPS IBPS Test Interview Alert Logical Thinking LR Marketing Mindfulness Quiz Marketing Quiz Mathematics MBA Admission crackmba.com/advertising technique for-decay stage/3/5 9/4/13 Advertising Strategy for Decline Stage | CrackMBACrackMBA MBA Quiz Alternatives PO MBA Result Alert Practice Test Past Paper Probationary Officials Quantitative Aptitude RBI RBI Assistant Enrollment Alert Risk SBI PO Exam Specialist Officers Verbal Ability .. Current Affairs Business News GK Quiz Updates Current Affairs India †3 September 2013 Sep 3, 2013 1. Indian Parliament gave its gesture to the milestone Food Security Bill yesterday which looks to give profoundly financed foodgrains to†¦ Current Affairs Global †3 September 2013 Sep 3, 2013 1. Ronald Coase, the British-conceived US business analyst who was granted the Nobel Prize in 1991, spent away yesterday in†¦ GK Quiz †3 September 2013 Sep 3, 2013 GK Quiz †3 September 2013 4401 â€Å"World Population Day† is seen on _____________. A) 6-July B)†¦ Microsoft to obtain Finish telephone creator Nokia’s cell phone unit Sep 3, 2013 Global tech monster Microsoft has consented to gain Finish portable producer Nokia’s cell phone business for 5.4 billion euros†¦ Verizon to secure Vodafone’s 45% stake in its US business for USD 130 billion; perhaps the biggest arrangement in corporate history Sep 3, 2013 US versatile mammoth Verizon Communications Inc consented to get Vodafone Group Plc’s 45% stake in Verizon Wireless in a†¦ crackmba.com/showcasing procedure for-decrease stage/ 4/5 9/4/13 Showcasing Strategy for Decline Stage | CrackMBACrackMBA CrackM BA †If it’s ’bout M BA, it’s @ CrackM BA. Colorway WordPress Theme by InkThemes.com crackmba.com/showcasing procedure for-decrease stage/ 5/5

Children of Abraham Free Essays

Laura Laws, Nick Skinner, Sarah Swain INT †244 Collaborative Learning Assignment Professor Anthony Colombo March 24, 2013 Children of Abraham The Exodus occasion established a significant framework for God’s reclamation plan for humankind and it is obviously perceived in Islam, Judaism and Christianity. The reason for this article will be to examine the verifiable, social and profound analogy for the Exodus experience for Judaism all through the ages. We will likewise talk about the manners by which the Exodus experience may resemble the salvation, change and the purification involvement with Christianity. We will compose a custom paper test on Offspring of Abraham or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now At long last we will talk about the manner in which Islam sees the Exodus experience unique in relation to that of Judaism and Christianity. By responding to every one of these inquiries viably we plan to increase another comprehension of what God was accomplishing for people in the future through every conviction. While investigating the historical backdrop of Judaism we see that God spreads out the arrangement and reason for His picked individuals; we likewise observe the individuals demonstrating their absence of want to live as indicated by this reason. Despite the fact that the individuals of Israel were God’s picked individuals, they ceaselessly neglected to live up to His desires and frequently did anything they desired on the grounds that they could; this included loving different divine beings. As time went on the impact got more grounded until the voice and motivation behind God must be heard by a couple. The lessons of Judaism are frequently fixated on moral or moral authentic monotheism; implying that purporting Jews, of different foundations, put stock in the unparalleled God, the God of Israel (Baron, 2011). The Exodus can be viewed as prediction as far back as Abraham. God addressed Abraham about the subjugation of Israel in Egypt and said that after a period of bondage, there would be help. God utilized the extraordinary dimness and the smoking heater to tell Abraham that their subjugation to Egypt would last 400 years and afterward â€Å"they will leave away with incredible wealth† (Genesis 15:14, NLT). God realized that there were numerous preliminaries ahead under Pharaoh’s domain however at long last the Israelites would survive (The Exodus, 2010). The social encounters started when the Israelites crossed the Red Sea. Through Moses, God told this enormous waterway to subside and let the individuals pass on dry land. When they were through to wellbeing God permitted the water to fall on their adversaries and take them out. It was the ideal opportunity for festivity; they were a free people with nothing else to fear except for God; now the halted to commend their first Passover. While leaving in such a rush their bread had not had the opportunity to rise so consistently when the Passover is praised we recall by not eating anything with yeast in it. At the point when the Israelites started to travel they were driven by a cloud during the day and a mainstay of fire around evening time. Since food and water were not generally accessible to them God furnished them with Manna and otherworldly water. These two things reminded them (and us) that God is continually accommodating us the things we need: genuinely and profoundly (Deem, 2008). The excursion additionally united them as individuals. They were all enduring the equivalent thus they had the option to stick to each other and connect for direction. As God lead the Israelites out of Egypt and subjection He started to test them to perceive how dependable they would hold to Him. They were confronted with an unforgiving and persevering condition that yielded little food and rare water. They needed to go to God to accommodate them provided that not, they all would have died in months. God gave day by day sustenance to food and water from a stone; as long as the individuals depended on Him, He gave. The Exodus experience not just gave a recorded, social and profound illustration for Judaism however it likewise turned into the establishment for the salvation, purification, and change involvement with Christianity. The Exodus experience shows us a fascinating corresponding with the transformation of salvation in the Bible. The Old Testament story of recovery gives a pathway to the New Testament analogy of profound liberation (Ryken, 1998). God lead the Israelites out of bondage and guided them securely all through the difficulties that they looked as a country. Presently, by tolerating Jesus, the Holy Spirit will lead us all through the preliminaries that face us. The predictions all through the Old Testament show how God purified the individuals of Israel in the wake of leaving Egypt. It begins in Genesis 12:1,2 â€Å" The Lord said to Abraham leave your nation, your kin, and your dads family and go to the land I will show you. I will make you into an extraordinary country and I will favor you; I will make your name incredible, and you will be honored. This guarantee made by God makes way for the Israelites to be brought out of Egypt. I feel this experience can be contrasted with blessing since God made Abraham and his decedents sacred. Blessing is to turn out to be sacred. Departure 31:33 lets us know â€Å"You are to address the individuals of Israel and state, over all you will keep my Sabbaths, and for this is a sign among me and you all through your ages that you may realize that I, the Lord, bless you. † Exodus 26:2 says â€Å"Consecrate to me all the primary conceived, whatever is the first to open the belly among the individuals of Israel, both of man and of brute it is mine. Likewise in Exodus 30:25 â€Å"You will solid them, that they might be generally heavenly, whatever contacts them will turn out to be sacred. † I think the most significant bit of sacred text demonstrating how the Exodus experience parallel’s purification can be found in Exodus 29:34: â€Å"There I will meet with the individuals of Israel, and it will be blessed by my greatness. † The demonstration of change is to acknowledge God. In the hour of the Exodus experience numerous in the land were agnostics. God would utilize things like the bringing the Israelites out of Egypt to the individuals he is genuine, this was for anybody that didn't have faith in him. Departure 11:3 lets us know â€Å"and Jehovah gave the individuals favor in seeing the Egyptians. † Ephesians 2:8 lets us know â€Å"For by beauty you have been spared, through confidence, and this isn't your own doing; it is the endowment of God. † Mark 16:16 says â€Å"Whatever accepts and is submersed will be spared, however whatever doesn't accept will be denounced. † God gives us his greatness again and again through various stories in the Bible. These accounts in antiquated occasions when they happened they demonstrated others the intensity of God. In today’s society these accounts despite everything serve to show individuals God’s enormity and carry them to Christ. With regards to the Exodus experience there are some huge contrasts in sees between that of the Christian and Judaism confidence contrasted with that of the Muslim confidence. The Christians, Jews, and the Muslims concur that Pharaoh had subjugated and abused the Jews. They additionally concur that Moses was utilized to help gain their opportunity and drove the Jews out of Egypt. It is in the portrayal of these occasions that these religions share various perspectives on. These distinctions run from significant insights concerning a portion of the individuals found in Exodus just as the oversight of some significant occasions. Beginning with a portion of the littler contrasts for instance, one of the primary errors is that of the overseer of Moses. As per the Holy Bible, Moses was set in a bin and afterward put into the stream. He was later found by Pharaoh’s little girl who thusly paid Moses’ mother to nurture him. He was afterwards come back to Pharaoh’s little girl to be raised (Exodus 2:5-9). The Qur’an states that Moses was found by Pharaoh’s family unit and was raised by Pharaoh’s spouse (The Exodus, n. d. ). These little contrasts proceed in the way that the Qur’an doesn't specify the city of Ramses when it portrays the Jews Exodus from Egypt. In spite of the fact that these distinctions in sees appear to be minor, they start to include when taking a gander at the 10,000 foot view. A portion of the genuine diverse in sees started with the depiction of the sicknesses. While the book of Exodus in the Holy Bible depicts in extraordinary detail the ten infections utilized by God to cut down perfect rebuke on Pharaoh and his kin, the Qur’an quickly makes reference to five torment that can be an embellishment of regular marvels: flooding, insects, lice, frogs and blood (The Exodus, 2010). The most significant contrast in perspectives on the diseases would need to be the plague of Death of the Firstborn. While the Qur’an doesn't make reference to this, it very well may be found in (Exodus 11:4-5). It was this plague the Jews relinquished a sheep, utilizing its blood to check the entryway of their families with the goal that the blessed messenger of death would disregard their home, saving the life of the firstborn. This plague would prompt the festival of Passover and be a hinting of the Sacrifice that Jesus would make for the wrongdoings of man. While both Judaism and Islam neglect to consider Jesus To be as the Son of God, both Judaism and Christians feel it is imperative to have an affable relationship with God. The religion of Islam is diverse in the way that salvation doesn't get through an affable relationship with Allah and must be found in maintaining the four columns. That being stated, for Christians and Jews Exodus is progressively about a God who spared them from subjection since He thinks about His kin and needs a friendly relationship with them. While for the Muslims, Exodus is progressively about the abuse of Pharaoh who caused evil among Allah’s individuals. The Exodus experience offered another expectation for the individuals of Israel and an establishment for Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. Despite the fact that few contrasts are seen between the religions, they all pulled from a similar encounter. From this we can discover that not every person sees an encounter the equivalent but rather what they take from it is eq

Upper Intermediate Essay Topics

Upper Intermediate Essay TopicsIf you want to improve your chances of passing the final test, or getting a good grade on your graduate admissions essay, then it is important that you familiarize yourself with all of the resources available for graduate students to help them hone their writing skills. An understanding of the kind of essay topics that are likely to come up on your test will help you identify the types of topics that you should be working on and will give you some guidelines for how to approach your essays.You should know that there are many different kinds of essay subjects, and so you need to look at some of the essay topics that are likely to come up on your test. As well, you should know that there are several different types of topics that fall into the same category. These include:* Linguistics: This is something that is often used in literary analysis. The idea is to read through the piece and to learn the particular language that was used. In this case, you are likely to have to use several different resources to learn the particular language.* Reading: In this case, you will need to take a look at the literary passages and learn the language used within them. In most cases, you will also need to learn the specifics of the book that the passage is from. This is the more traditional way to approach this kind of topic.* Philosophy: This is a somewhat unique kind of essay topic because it is not centered around a specific book. The idea is to learn about the particular philosophical system and how it affects various people throughout the world. There is a book that deals with this type of topic quite well.* Language: This is perhaps the hardest type of essay topics to work on. However, if you can master the basics of grammar and syntax, then you can start working on writing a number of papers. The problem is that there are various different styles of language that can be used throughout various works.* Literature: This is the main type of ess ay topics that you will encounter in a number of settings. There are a number of genres that are common, and you can expect to find the following.You can see how each of these types of essay topics can present challenges to you and to your readers. There are resources available to help you and to hone your skills, so make sure that you spend some time working on your essays, as it is an essential part of any graduate degree program.

Summary Of The Odd One Out - 1271 Words

Sarthak Chawla Nathanial Hodes Composition 16th September The Odd One Out On the most famous street in Boston, Newbury, there lays two architectural opposites just across from one another. The Church of the Covenants a great historical church built in a gothic architectural style where you would see historians, tour guides or school field trips and a Victoria Secret store that covers an entire block and is build on the bases of modern architecture where friends and family would go shopping or for a day out. Why would there be such ancient architecture at a modern vibrant shopping district such a Newbury? The Church of the Covenants was built in 1867 and the decision to surround such a historic artifact with a shopping district was done purposefully. The Church when seen seems very out of place in a street such as Newbury, however, the two polar opposite architectural masterpieces reflect the diversity of Newbury Street, and as to why it is referred to the time square of Boston. The different architecture invites different types of people to such a vibrant street making it not only a tourist attraction but also a street where people from all different demographics come. The presence of the Convent Church cannot be ignored by anyone when they walk on Newbury Street. I found it to be very interesting how nothing near the church was taller than it. The architecture of the street made it so that the all the surrounding shops will be lower and if you looked up you would onlyShow MoreRelatedIntroduction To Research1288 Words   |  6 Pagesprofessional healthcare, and have the ability to comprehend English. All ages will be accepted. The researcher will not be able to control who participates, but will ask for both sit-stand and sitting only computer workstation users in the email sent out. IRB Approval With committee chair approval, the researcher will disseminate the proposal to the remainder of the committee for review. 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He does this by going through the passage and giving us different ways of approaching the text. The author is critiquing the approaches to help the reader understand the good and the bad of each. The author, Calvin Seerveld gives us a good, in depth study of this passage. In this paper, I will give a summary of what SeerveldRead MoreThe Book The Fourth Installment Of The Harry Potter 762 Words   |  4 PagesIn the sixth installment of the Harry Potter series, the characters change quite drastically. In the last book, readers find out that there is a prophecy about Lord Voldemort and Harry Potter. In this book one of the main characters finds out what the prophecy states and it changes his character signifigantly. The characters have all grown up and matured. The main characters of this book who change are: Harry Potter, Lord Voldemort, Professor Severus Snape, and Draco Malfoy. All of the characters

The Importance Of A Good Writing Skills - 806 Words

Many customers associate their experience with the customer service they receive at any place of business. The ability to communicate both orally and in writing are essential job skills needed to perform a job task thoroughly and efficiently, while still maintaining the satisfaction of the clients as well as the organization. Oral communication is very important for an employee to possess because it allows the staff to interact more effectively, helps an individual give instructions and explanations clearly and accurately, and allows the individual to participate and engage in discussion among the staff and within the organization. Without good oral communication skills, the level of customer service may be hindered and the organization may be affected. Also, the ability to communicate in writing is just as important. Good writing skills allows an individual to communicate a message with clarity and ease to the intended audience. In today’s society, the use of emails and pape rwork is substantial and without the ability to write clearly and in a manner to convey the intended message may cause confusion or lack of organization. Therefore, good oral communication skills and writing skills are instrumental in helping advance and individuals career while maintaining the professional image of the organization. In my professional career, I have communicated with a variety of individuals over the phone and in face-to-face interactions. While working at a bankingShow MoreRelatedEssay about Important Language Skills1735 Words   |  7 PagesImportant Language Skill Out of the Four Language Skills Communication plays a vital role in our daily life. To acquire good communication, command on four language skills is important i.e. Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking. I studied a few articles in which the authors specified the significance of each language skill. 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Defining Nick Bottom in a Midsummer Night’s Dream Essay

Defining Nick Bottom in A Midsummer Night’s Dream Perhaps one of William Shakespeares greatest plays of all time, A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a play intended to be watched, rather than read, with an imaginative mind. It is a play that is in the genre of romantic comedy. The romantic aspects of the play are made possible with the characters of Theseus and Hippolyta, Lysander and Hermia, Helena and Demetrius, and Oberon with Titania. However, the comedy that is involved in this masterpiece is mostly shown through the lines of Nick Bottom. Although many plays are dull and repetitious with romanticism, â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream† is a romantic play brought to life with comedic characters like Nick Bottom. Nick Bottom is a working class†¦show more content†¦What Richard Alleva is saying is that Nick Bottom is one of the greatest characters that provide comic relief in Shakespeare’s play. Shakespeare uses Bottom to provide comedy to the play, in which most of the play is based around him and his antics. Bottom messes up grammar, spelling, and everything that Quince, the author of Pyramus and Thisbe, had wanted for the play for the Duke and Duchess. Examples of his Ass like qualities are seen in the first act. For instance, Bottom says â€Å"You were best to call them generally, man by man, according to the scrip† (1.2.2). What makes him a fool in this statement is that he uses the word generally, instead of the word individually. Also he uses the word scrip, when he really means to use the word script. Another great example of Bottom’s foolishness, acting as Pyramus: Thisbe, the flowers of odious savors sweet (3.1.59). This mistake perfectly reflects Bottom because he should have said the word ‘odors instead of ‘odious in the sentence. Odors means fragrant smells, while odious means repulsive. This humor is obvious to everybody watching that Bottom had made a mistake. So these are just a few examples to explain how Bottom was a fool and provided laughter. In A Midsummer Nights Dream, there is aShow MoreRelated An Analysis of Love in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream2422 Words   |  10 PagesA Midsummer Nights Dream is one of Shakespeares most widely read comedies about love. This seems somewhat strange, however, in light of the fact that so few of its characters seem to display any kind of full or true love. A close examination of the actions and words of each of the players will reveal that only one of them, by the end of Act V, should be considered a lover. For the purposes of this inquiry, we are defining love as that which steadily desires and works to attain the benefit

Marketing Fundamentals for Product Awareness - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Fundamentals for Product Awareness. Answer: Introduction Marketing can be construed in several manners. The relevance of marketing in this case in point is for new product wine preserver. The sphere of marketing in the write-up is the effusively established notion which incorporates marketing objectives, preferred market segment, market strategy and action plan for first six months .The underlying view prevalent is that there subsists a market enlargement prospective which can establish the brand and robust the sales for the organization. Comprehensive marketing commotion to create the new product category in market has been renowned as the most influential means of attaining the marketing objective. Wine has been effective in hitching affirmative dimensions of Australias reflexion and by means of marketing of new product and promotion distinction can add great value to new product in Australian marketplace. Marketing Objective Product Awareness Product awareness is significant for new product or businesses and can have extensive effect over other objectives, as reduced span is entailed in fostering relationships with potential users. This goal usually intent to inform groups or people who have appeal in the service or product and offering information on the advantages of using your artefact over others. The emphasis is on supplying informative artefact information to bountiful individuals as possible (Kvarvyy Mohammad, 2009). The prime focus would be to develop awareness amongst people about the wine preserver. In terms of distinguished product, wine preserver wins the race since its a unique concept for wine lovers. We live in the world of technology and social media, so the use technology and social platforms would be a good means to reach end user (Armstrong, Kotler, 2011). Customer Satisfaction and Retention Customer satisfaction is conventionally understood as a feeling that an individual experiences when a purchase meets or is above the expectation level. Enhancing customer satisfaction is the prime objective of many organisations. Business owners apprehend that customer satisfaction is the driver to prolonged business success. Gratified customers usually offer repeat trade, referrals along with word of mouth publicity. Organizations learn from feedback provided by customers and stimulate it to expand business, artefact and services with the aim of present and perspective customers witnessing and reacting affirmatively (Bennett Rundle-Thiele,2004). Customer retention is the exercise that a seller relinquishes so as to evade customer defections. This is all about captivating the right customer procuring them to buy frequently and in accelerated quantities and to lead to more end users (Anderson Narus, 1998) . This is the dimension of the organization competence to offer sufficient value with its services or products for the user to indulge in for regular purchase (Leverin Liljander, 2006). In the case of wine preserver the artefact is quite distinctive and new to the people and market, which means it need to satisfy customer apprehensions so as to retain them . Customer withhold is also crucial for the purpose of reduced customer acquisition costs, accelerated referrals and enhanced revenues . Several elements like product, price, place, promotion and brand constitutes for customer satisfaction and retention. The diagram below depicts the framework for customer retention: Brand Management Brand management is a broad multi-dimensional and diverse application of the numerous methodology organizations can adapt to magnify consumer engagement, awareness, loyalty and retention. Brand management techniques are relentlessly emerging and the numerous distribution channels amongst companies and their customers is also hastily changing. By developing a long lasting influence and substantial relationship with customers, organizations can reserve user and build brand loyalty. Preferred brand is something every enterprise wishes to be, since the cost of preserving loyal customers is far below the price of acquiring fresh ones. Loyal customers are economical and contended users are likely to dialogue about the organization in an affirmative manner (Moraga,2008). Building brand is far ahead of companies name, logo or slogan rather its a comprehensive experience customers and prospects have with service, product or company. The object of brand management is to perceive the equity of the organization to a new elevation by means of consecutive steps which add significance to the brand and eventually place the brand firmly in the mind of users. Generally there are four prime ingredients in brand management and these moves provide maximum outcome over a span of time to create a brand. They are demonstrated by means of diagram below: Preferred Market Segment-Targeted Customers, Intended Positioning A market evaluation should concentrate on those places that have particular want or need they desire to be fulfilled, so that they are motivated to buy the product. Once perspective market segment have been identified, elements such as growth, market size, accessibility should be ascertained along with market analytical like gender, age, expenditure trend, education level, ethnicity , income, usage rate ,behavioural intentions and cultural factors(Gounaris,2005). The new product wine preserver can be unveiled in markets by hunting for wine consumers across several markets. This permits producers to evade risky homologizing processes and big bucket operational changes along with peril unsold product concern which could precede to intense predetermined weakness or at vilest ,the undesirable role of barely non-users. Wine and dine complement each other, so idea of sample being supplied to established restaurants to organize tastings and creditability of the product would act as a point of reach to consumers. Special promotional events and weekends surprise may be structured to boost the reach amongst crowd. The prime targeted customer would be a regular wine consumer who can be inclined towards wine preservation devices. In this manner, the creation can be distinguished with high margins of malleability to the various trends of need even in the concise span of period. Positioning needs to situate the product in the cognizance of the user and discriminate the company, product and the brand from the rivals. Marketing Strategy Marketing techniques is amongst the prime elements correlated with the expected business outcome in a cut throat market place. It is the crucial component that is needed for product steadiness in an aggressive market status(Alvdary,2007). Marketing strategy is far ahead of mere advertising and promotion activities. After the recognition of target market the step ahead would be to develop techniques for other components of marketing plan such as product and promotion strategy. Product Product is considered as an article that fulfils a desire or a necessity. A successful creation has to satisfy a peculiar want in the market (Ismail,2013). Functionally it must be competent to accomplish its task as promised .The foundation of growth from marketing dimension should be to establish the product in the thought of the target market as a desired artefact. There needs to be understandable communication amidst the potential users and customers in context to its features and benefits. Only, if the product is useful and distinctive, consumer will opt for it even when if it is over-priced. Components of product that can be considered in marketing product comprises of its quality ,design, variants available, different sized units ,brand name ,features ,packaging ,services and customer satisfaction. Wine preserver is an exceptional product with features that retains freshness and preserves wine from getting in contact with oxygen, even after several days of opening. Promotion Strategy Promotion is quite significant element of marketing since it can boost brand sales and recognition. It is imperative to devote in promotional activities as a prerequisite to attaining the market objective .The kind of promotion activities undertaken in a particular market will rely on the characteristics of that marketplace as they correlate to Australian wine. This will ascertain the virtual attention focussed to trade, media, target groups and consumer audiences amongst each one. The blend of promotional strategy will rely on the budget of organization, the message company wants to convey and the target segment Advertising ,sales promotion ,public relations ,sales team, direct marketing all are elements comprehensive promotion strategy .Few illustrations are underpinned: Action Plan The action program for six months post product launch would be to concentrate on product awareness combat with marketing mix techniques to situate the product in the cognizance of buyers. Laterally focal point would be to consider product strategies as a significant constituent to attain the market objectives. Usually after the creation is launched the artefact is assumed to make its own way. Organization is expected a build action plan after the product is unveiled .Nevertheless product management is required to consider product differentiation, product life cycle and techniques to build and enhance product sales. Organization needs to create an approach that aids to accelerate the market share. There are numerous ways to accomplish the objective: Market strategies Sales strategies Price strategies Distribution strategies Promotion strategies Product strategies Developing efficient product strategy is much more than building specialization tactics. Two outstanding product strategies are discussed below: Product development It is assumed to consider the purchaser, his needs, the creation positioning in the marketplace and the distinct features product presents. After the product is inaugurated confirm that it constantly meet the customers expectations and develop the artefact as necessitous .The peril with the fresh product is raised cost and the disappointment to sell the new creation or elevate creation at increased sales figure and at the assumed volume. Product diversification it is all about accompanying the prevailing business and dispersing the risk of single product or single line by diverging with more correlated or even unconnected products that aid to grow the sales and scatter risk. References Alvdary, H. (2007) Marketing and market management. International Journal of Marketing. 1(1). pp.1-10. Anderson, J. C. Narus, J. A. (1998) Business marketing: understanding what customers. International journal of Marketing. 1(1). pp.1-10. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., (2011). Marketing: An Introduction (10th Edition), Upper Saddle River, NJ, Pearson Prentice Hall. Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation (AWBC), the Winemakers Federation of Australia (WFA) and the Winemakers of Rutherglen (WOR)(2009) [Retrieved: 21 May 2017] https://www.wfa.org.au/assets/strategies-plans/pdfs/Fortified_Wines_Strategy.pdf Bennett, R., Rundle-Thiele, S. (2004). Customer satisfaction should not be the only goal. Journal of Service Marketing, 18,7, 514- 523. Gounaris, S. P. (2005) Trust and commitment influences on customer retention: insights from management. International Journal of Service Marketing. 1(1). pp. 1-10. Ismail, M. B. M. Velnampy, T. (2013) Marketing Mix of Product Life Cycle (MMPLC) and Business Performance (BP) for Sarong of Royal Handloom Weaving Factory (RHWF). European Journal of Commerce and Management Research (EJCMR). 2(8). pp. 1-10. Kvarvyy, K. Mohammad, M. (2009). Competitive reaction- and feedback effects based on VARX models of pooled store Ali Pour. Marketing Management. 36(2). pp.230-240. Leverin, A. Liljander, V. (2006). Does relationship marketing improve customer relationship satisfaction and loyalty. Paper presented in International Conference: Proceedings of International Conference, Department of Marketing, Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Switzerland. Moraga, T. E., Parraga, V. A. Z., Gonzales, Z. F. (2008). Customer satisfaction and Loyalty. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(5), 302- 313.of the Academy of Management. 1(2). pp.1-10. Patterson P. G., Johnson L. W., Spreng R. A. (1997). Modeling the determinants of customer satisfaction for business-to-business professional services. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25,1, 4-17. Peterson, R. A. (1995). Relationship Marketing and the Consumer. Journal Reynolds Jon (2010) The Australian Wine Industry and the Impact of Knowledge-flow on Performance. [Retrieved:22May,2017] https://www.oenologic.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Knowledge-Management-an-Australian-Wine-Industry-Study.pdf Wines of western Australia (2014) Western Australia Wine Industry Strategic Plan 2014-2024[Retrieved:22May,2017]https://static1.squarespace.com/static/552d3a93e4b0a7ee3a2ce896/t/555c10ffe4b04aa921b678dc/1432097023899/35368+WINE_Wine+Industry+WA_Strategic+Plan_WEB.pdf

Narrative Poem The Prologue to the Canterbury Tales Flashcard

Narrative Poem: The Prologue to the Canterbury Tales

Swot Analysis of Bank of America Essays

Swot Analysis of Bank of America Essays Swot Analysis of Bank of America Paper Swot Analysis of Bank of America Paper Bank of America: SWOT Analysis The Bank of America abides by a corporate philosophy that values diversity and aims to implement it on a large scale within the organization. On its websites, the bank proclaims that â€Å"work environment draws on the strength of every associate to build an atmosphere of personal and professional growth† (Bank of America Corporation 2006). To implement the goals of increasing diversity and including different types of employees in corporate environments, the Bank of America has created a number of organizations and groups. One of them is the Diversity Advisory Council, including employees from different levels who can make a difference at the organizational level. Diversity Business Councils are found in many BoA divisions, exploring issues pertaining to diversity and producing recommendations for the improvement in this area. The bank has also organized the Diversity Network that aims â€Å"to encourage and capitalize on the diversity of our associates and promote personal and professional development† (Bank of America Corporation 2006). Diversity is also promoted by various affinity groups acknowledged and supported by the bank’s management, including various racial groups, people with disabilities, gays and lesbians, bisexuals, and women. The efforts of the Bank of America to implement diversity did not go unnoticed by business publications and analytical agencies. Over the course of years, the bank has accumulated a number of rewards for its commitment to diversity practices. Among those are a Best Company for Working Mothers from Working Mother magazine, a Best Company for Diversity from DiversityInc., one out of top 100 Companies for Hispanics from Hispanic Magazine, Best Company for Latinas from LATINA Style magazine, and others. 2. Corporate Social Responsibility The Bank of America demonstrates a consistent commitment to community development. One of the examples is the Neighbourhood Excellence initiative in which the bank invests in the development of local nonprofits in different locations. The bank reports to â€Å"fund $200,000 in operating support to 2 nonprofits in each of 40 markets† (Bank of America Corporation 2006). In addition, it provides funds to leaders with significant accomplishments and student leaders. The bank partners with a number of charity and non-profit organizations to assist them in noble causes. For example, it claims to be committed to participation in disaster relief efforts nation-wide. Cooperating with HomeAid America, the Bank of America participates in the construction of homes for the poor. The organization is involved in building houses for the temporary homeless in 11 states. On January 14, 2005, the Bank of America provided â€Å"a $100,000 grant and $50,000 sponsorship† for this organization to help it forward its goals (Bank of America Corporation 2006). Another example of how the Bank of America applies the notion of Corporate Social Responsibility is the MBNA Foundation supported by the bank. It strives to support financially â€Å"education, human services, health services, and the arts† (Bank of America Corporation 2006). These community donations are distributed as grants for which any local organization can apply. The financial institution in 2004 announced the goal of $1.5 billion annual donation to corporate philanthropy over 10 years. This signifies a serious commitment to CSR, even against the background of the company’s revenues. 3. Rewards and Team Incentives The Bank of America has an extensive award program designed to inspire people to achieve company goals. Since the bank is committed to the image of a responsible company, it chose to reward employees who lead an environmentally conscious lifestyle. Each employee who lives at a distance of 90 miles or less from Boston, Charlotte, NC, and Los Angeles, will receive the amount matching a $3,000 federal tax credit for replacing one’s car with a hybrid vehicle. Anne Finucane, the bank’s Global Marketing Corporate Affairs associate, says: â€Å"†Given the size of our commuting associate base, the hybrid program expands our commitment to the environment and helps our associates to participate in making a difference while cutsting down on their commuting costs† (Drosjack 2006). Outlining the basics of its corporate compensation, the bank states that a large part of the compensation comes in incentives and bonuses, although it does not disclose exactly what proportion and the details of the bonus system. The program called Rewarding Success will provide incentives to employees receiving less than $100,000 annually. They will get a cash bonus or defer it to their retirement account if the company â€Å"meets or exceeds annual business targets† (Bank of America Corporation 2006). As to team incentives, the Bank of America does not seem to be really committed to them. The only evidence of teamwork is the existence of the Team Bank of America, but this system includes a number of teams that promote the company’s CSR goals such as environment protection, community development, and volunteer services. This network gives employees opportunities for self-expression, but there is no mention of any financial incentives included in its framework. Bibliography Bank of America Corporation. 2006. 27 Aug. 06 . Drosjack, Melissa. â€Å"Private Sector, States Promote Rewards for Hybrid Drivers.† Fox News 5 July 2006. 27 Aug. 06 .

LEAP organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LEAP organization - Essay Example The non-profit organization was separated from its own body by the initiator through the assistance of Becky Moore of the United Way and Pastor Tommy Vallejo. It later on became the leap and got its IRS 501 (c) 3 statuses on 29th April, 2009. In addition, Pastor Harris was also active in opening the Emmanuel Family Life Center for the organization to function (Clarksville Online, 2015). The leap organizations have made strong partnerships with the home, business community, media and organizations helping the youth in the society since it opened its doors. The leap organization expects all middle and high school students to take part in a media contest (Leaporg.net, 2014). The students make multimedia products like videos, posters, websites, games, photo essays, public service statements, and documentaries. These products focus on the importance of institution learning and how to get ready for it. The leap organization build up and reinforce communities of dynamic nationality with values of enlightenment, academic achievement, leadership, and perseverance through hope, faith and love by offering tutoring, mentoring, affordable housing, and various assistance programs (Leaporg.net, 2014). The organization also give educational field trips, counseling, career development, and community service learning opportunities for students’ aged 11 to 18 years at no cost. These are some of the services and products of a leap organization: The youths that willingly register in the organization’s agenda benefit from inventive and amusing leadership forums. The youths gain knowledge and apply necessary skills of leadership, for instance, conflict resolution, team building, goal setting, public speaking, and etiquette. The leap organization provides a project based, hands on learning understanding for the youth during interactive job inclination training (Leaporg,

Correction Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Correction Debate - Essay Example However, segregating them causes other inmates to ostracize them. When segregated, they will have a very small group of inmates to interact with and this changes their socializing; this may be more devastating to some inmates than the disease. Other people may feel that because they are inmates they have no right but in reality, they do. One of the rights they have is to be treated fairly. A special ward for HIV inmates would make them susceptible to mistreatment from guards. In most cases, isolation is reserved for those people who are a threat to themselves or others. It could be argued that they are a threat to the rest of prison society because they are HIV positive but this would have to be done in a way that showed they were treated as fairly as other inmates. Conjugal visits are one way to give inmates an opportunity to stay in touch with their spouses or significant others but I disagree that it would aid in effective rehabilitation. Many researchers think that providing conjugal visits is like giving inmates a hotel room and it dos not give them a sense of being in jail. I think that it is a good thing for them to do because sexual frustration can build and can cause inmates to take out this tension on other inmates. The readings suggest that conjugal visits provide a way to stay in touch with their families. I suggest that there are many variables I prison that are stronger than conjugal visits and that some families are not very strong. This means that some inmates would get conjugal visits while others would be denied either because family members are not visiting them or because of their behavior. Conjugal visits are sometimes once a month and some inmates have better behavior if they have been able to have sex with their partners but this is not always the case. If families were already close this could help them stay close, but if they were not close a

Passing Of The UK 1832 Reform Act

Passing Of The UK 1832 Reform Act The passing of the 1832 Reform Act (also knows as the Great Reform Act) and the consequent extension of the franchise was due to the culmination of several factors. It did not, in itself, make a great difference at the time but it certainly had an undeniable effect on what was to follow. It was rather the beginning of the satisfaction for reform; a way of opening the way for legislation that went further, than an achievement of this aim. Many MPs who voted for it saw it rather as a way of preventing further future change and avoiding revolution. At the time, only the land-owning class could vote. They represented areas of land as opposed to the actual people within. The lower classes were considered an uneducated rabble; they were seen to be unable to be trusted. Property and wealth determined who was able to vote. This essay will examine how the Act came to be passed and also the ways in which its passing affected British politics in the years to come. The issue of Catholic emancipation was arguably a factor in paving the way for the ability to reform. The Conservative government of the time was deeply against the issue of Catholic emancipation; ideologically, it was concerned with the preservation of tradition. As Robert Blake commented; The Tory party never tired of proclaiming its determination to uphold the traditional institutions of the United Kingdom, the monarchy, the House of Lords and the Protestant establishment, both its property and its privileges.  [1]   This became a problematic position. William Vesey Fitzgerald was obliged to resign as MP and stand for re-election after entering into the position President of the Board of Trade. Daniel O Connell ran against him for the seat of County Clare, and won. Due to his being a Roman Catholic, he could not actually serve if elected. Therefore, the Conservative government had a problem; the opposition of Catholic emancipation was a point of unity for the Tory Party. On the other hand, the Catholic Association could cause significant disruption if no action was taken. Catholic emancipation caused a severe split within the Tory party. It convinced many ultra-Tories to support reform. Eric J. Evans comments that it was in fact an ultra-Tory, the Marquis of Blandford, as opposed to a radical that called for reform regarding the issue of rotten boroughs- he called for the seats of rotten boroughs to be given to larger towns, among other reformations. The ultra-Tories believed that the increased voters would lend support to their opposition of Catholic emancipation.  [2]   Economic conditions also contributed to a desire for reform. The economy had largely been dependent on the war- when Britain went to war against France in 1793. When the war ended in 1815, the country entered into an economic depression due to the lack of demand in peacetime for that which the country had been producing during wartime. In 1829, the harvest failed and resultantly, food prices increased. Radicals used this as an opportunity; William Lovett and Henry Hetherington formed the National Union of the Working classes in April, 1831. The goal was suffrage for all adult males and it campaigned for that.  [3]   A new middle class emerged in England as a result of the Industrial Revolution- this was composed of factory owners and entrepreneurs. This new middle class believed, justifiably, that their inability to vote was unfair as they were creating wealth. Middle class desire for increased representation in the political system was leading to a greater support for reform on their part, and this in turn lead to increased collaboration with the working class. The middle class felt that they deserved more representation in parliament than they currently possessed; industry and commerce were becoming more important and legislation such as the Corn Laws was in the interest of the aristocracy, which controlled parliament, as opposed to that of the middle class. Hence, they desired greater political power in order to do something about this. In 1830, Thomas Attwood formed the Birmingham Political Union due to the awful economic conditions. He founded a General Political Union between the Lower and Middle Classes of the People'.  [4]  Attwoods Union was not the only one of its kind; the creation of others followed in various forms. Their activities -political rallies which were well-attended and organised- indicated that the middle class did indeed desire reform and was prepared to work towards such a goal. The effect of the economic distress; the political unions and the French revolution was to prove to parliament that reform was an unavoidable issue, lest a revolution occur. MP Thomas McAulay said, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I support this measure, because I am sure that it is our best security against a revolutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [5]   Many politicians came to view reform in this manner; as a means of preventing revolution and greater change to the system at a later point. The reform act, once passed, meant that more populated areas received a more proportional representation. It changed the areas represented by MPs to better reflect the changes in population distribution caused by industrialisation. Middle class males were enfranchised; all householders paying a yearly rental of  £10 and, if they had been resident for a year, lodgers paying  £10 received the vote. This, however, meant that the working class was excluded from the vote. Those living in cities were still not adequately represented and MPs still did not receive a salary- they also had to own land to be able to stand. This brought to an end the alliance between the middle class and the working class. The working class was resentful of this; they were aware that without their pressure, the government would not have felt such an urgent need to reform. Chartism was a movement born of working class resentment at their exclusion from the newly expanded franchise. There were two types; moral force and physical force Chartism. The principle of moral force Chartism was that demonstrating that the working class was respectable and trustworthy (e.g. Chartist churches) was the way to achieve their goals. In contrast, physical force Chartism was the idea of a more forceful, direct manner. That is not to say there were two distinct groups; most viewed the physical force concept as a last resort. The Peoples Charter consisted of six demands: * Institution of a secret ballot. * General elections be held annually. * Members of Parliament not be required to own property. * MPs be paid a salary. * Electoral districts of equal size. * Universal male suffrage. The first meeting specifically organised for Chartism  [6]  took place on Kerstal Moor on 24 September. The message was that universal suffrage, as opposed to direct action, would achieve their aims. Chartism was closely linked to the present state of the economy; if the economy was doing well then demand was low. If it was doing badly, demand was high. Chartism did not last; its high point could be said to be 1848. After a meeting on Kensington common on the 10 April of that year, the Chartists presented a petition to parliament. The procession to bring the petition to the House of Commons was banned, some of the upper class having come to believe the Chartists intended revolution. Many of the signatures on the petition itself were later found to be forgeries. There was still, of course, a demand for reform after the act of 1832. The Great Act did not, in fact, do much to expand the electorate at all. However, it created a precedent- it could be said to have opened the door for further reform. In 1851, The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations took place. Thomas Cook took 165,000 people to attend it. There was a fear that the working class would damage/cause trouble in the city, but the concerns proved to be unfounded. In reality, they demonstrated interest and were peaceful. There was a growth in public libraries and such services- this can be traced from the principles of moral force Chartism. By the 1860s, the general feeling was that the working class had demonstrated sufficient respectability to gain the vote. However, the Liberal/Whig party was divided over the extent to which reform should go. Elements of the aristocracy were unsure, whereas radical members were very keen. The split of the Conservative party had a llowed the Whigs to come in. Disraeli desired to lead the party into power once more; he pushed through reform far more radical than the Liberals had envisioned in an effort to win popular support- as a result, the working class became the majority. This was the 1867 reform act, and enfranchised the urban working class. His was a pragmatic move; he was taking advantage of the Liberals split, and trying to demonstrate the Conservatives had the ability to lead. The factors leading to the passing of the 1832 Reform Act were myriad; for example, the French revolution inspired radicals, the middle class resented their exclusion despite their creation of wealth and also the restriction on the growth of industry and the working class desired power in order to improve their quality of life. However, the effects of it were very limited. It was still deeply restrictive; the working class still did not possess the vote after it. It was this very fact that led to the creation of movements such as Chartism; the reform act set a precedent and the working class campaigned in earnest for universal male suffrage.

Sir John Hawkwood :: Essays Papers

Sir John Hawkwood English Mercenary 1320-1394 Sir John Hawkwood (1320-1394), also known as Giovanni Acuto, was an English mercenary fighting in Italy during the 1300s. He is considered the first military leader of the modern times. He was a member of the White Company of Englishmen, which was famous for its white armor, and loud harsh war cries. These men were infamous for their night raids. Hawkwood and his men never remained loyal to one side but were always changing sides of the war depending on who paid the most money. Money is what Hawkwood desired. He learned to fight during the Hundred Years War in France, where he fought first under Edward III and then at the command of his own company, which sacked Provence. When he came to Italy in 1360, he was first employed by the city of Pisa, then by the Viscontis of Milan, by Pope Gregory XI and lastly by Florence. In 1364 Hawkwood with his Pisan troops was the enemy of the Florentines and had raided their city but they forgave him and established such a good relationship with him that he was honored on his death with the equestrian monument frescoed by Paolo Uccello in Santa Maria del Fiore (1436). This monument is in the Florence Cathedral. In August of 1372, Hawkwood's White Company under the pay of the Viscontti fought Enguerrand de Coucy. Hawkwood's men were served with at least two pages. These pages made sure the armor was as bright as a mirror, and they also held the horses during the battles. Hawkwood desired the armor to look like a mirror in order to make them look more fierce. The men fought on foot in a tight circle that no enemy could break. Coucy claims that the war cries of the White Company were fierce and instilled fear in the enemy. After this battle, Hawkwood teams up with Coucy to take the city of Mantua. In 1375, at the age of 55, John Hawkwood fathered two sons without getting married. In this same year, he led raids into Tuscany to get spoils since the Pope was late on his payments. Hawkwood was not a religious man and did not deal with authority very well.

Faces of Aids: Gender Inequality and Hiv/Aids

Running Head: Face of AIDS: Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS 1 Face of AIDS: Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS Introduction The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which eventually develops into acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating disease that has reached pandemic levels, affecting all populations worldwide. Since the first reported case of HIV/AIDS in the early 1980s, HIV/AIDS has become one of the leading causes of mortality across the globe in the history of mankind (U. S.Global Health Policy [USGHP], 2010). While HIV/AIDS has contributed significantly to the global burden of disease; amongst those living with HIV/AIDS, it has had devastating impacts on women and girls. Amid 40 million people living with HIVAIDS globally, virtually half of them are women (Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005). In addition, new infection rates have been escalating dramatically worldwide, with most centralized in developing countries (The Global Coalition on Women and AIDS [GCWA], n. d. ).In su b-Saharan Africa, women account for almost 60% of all infected adults, while girls account for approximately 75% of all infected young people between ages of 15 and 24 (Brijnath, 2007; Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005). In developing countries such as sub-Saharan Africa, the proportion of women infected with HIV/AIDS is also on the rise, for every ten men infected with HIV/AIDS, 13 women are diagnosed HIV-positive (Brijnath, 2007). In developed countries such as United States, the incidence of HIV/AIDS had increased by 15% compared with 1% that of men from 1999 to 2003 (Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005).These alarming statistics imply an ominous future for women and girls affected by the disease – feminization of HIV/AIDS. This paper will highlight the burden of disease implications on gender inequality in developing nations. Running Head: Face of AIDS: Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS 2 Feminization of HIV/AIDS When HIV/AIDS cases were first reported, it was viewed that HIV/AIDS was a disease a mongst homosexual men, and the main modes of transmission were through men who have sex with men (MSM).Presently, however, 80% of infections were contracted through heterosexual sex while 19% were through drug injections (Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005). It is evident that women and girls are bearing a hefty portion of the burden of HIV/AIDS. Women and girls are socially, physically, and biologically more vulnerable to HIV/AIDs transmissions and stigma associated with the disease. On the societal level, women in developing countries are perceived as being inferior, which is the root cause of gender profiling and stigma towards this group (Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005).The society have set the stage for women and girls to be more susceptible to means for HIV/AIDS transmission; furthermore infringing on their freedom of choice. Due to cultural structure and gender norms, women and girls are deprived of education, thus they grow to be economically dependent on men. This limits their autonomy to re fuse sexual liaisons with their intimate partner. For instance, the practice of safe sex through condom usage is mainly the males’ choices, while women have restricted negotiation power (Mulligan, 2006). The minority status of women in developing countries thus exposes them to high rates of HIV/AIDS infections.Gender norms impacts of HIV/AIDS are discerning and even more harmful towards women and girls because they face stigmatization and discrimination on a greater magnitude than men. An ethnographic study conducted by Carr et al. (2004) reported that women were more concerned about the psychosocial insinuations affiliated with being HIV-positive, rather Running Head: Face of AIDS: Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS 3 than the adverse health outcomes of the disease. The fear of stigmatization accompanying disclosure of HIV-positive status has hindered women from reaching out for appropriate and necessary medical and mental support.Stigma and discrimination have shown to have neg ative effects on women’s mental and physical wellbeing because they suffer from social isolation and low self-esteem (Carr & Gramling, 2004). This has not only resulted in the under-representation of HIV-positive women, it has also created barriers for women to attain better health (Carr & Gramling, 2004). Being physically inferior to men, women are prone to be coerced and being victims of sexual violence. These factors contribute to escalating infection rates because there is an increasing likelihood for survival sex work (Brijnath, 2007).Attributable to poverty and lack of education, women resolve to prostitution for survival. The combination of lack of knowledge regarding practices of safe sex and frequent encounters of sexual partners further enhance women and girls’ vulnerabilities to contracting the disease. Sexual violence is also a common theme among women living with HIV/AIDS (Rountree & Mulraney, 2008). Moreover, it has also been suggested that women are biol ogically more susceptible to disease progression of HIV/AIDS when taking hormonal contraceptives (Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005).The Global Coalition on Women and AIDS The feminization of HIV/AIDS is evident, and requires serious attention. Gender inequality in developing countries has placed significant burden of disease on women, and has been the propelling force for feminization of HIV/AIDS pandemic. In recognizing and fully comprehending the severity of this pandemic, The Global Coalition on Women and AIDS (GCWA) has taken initiative towards fighting for a brighter future for women on a national level. Running Head: Face of AIDS: Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS 4GCWA is an UNAIDS collaborative effort, which involves diverse networks of organizations and political bodies to alleviate this burden of disease on women and girls (GCWA, n. d. ). The objectives of GCWA are to provide necessary medical attention to those in need, raising awareness, mitigate violence against women, and promote gender equality. GCWA tackles issues concerned with gender inequality and the adverse impacts it has had on women. Public Health Intervention Recommendation Gender inequality and inferiority are the undertow that has deteriorated the feminization trend of HIV/AIDS.Public health initiatives should focus on empowering women and improving their independence. This can be achieved through specialized support systems that educate and raise public awareness of the roots and gravity of the situations. Furthermore, this should be complemented with employment referencing and acquisition support programs to enrich their economic autonomy. Conclusion HIV/AIDS has become a feminizing pandemic, resulting in disproportionate burden of disease on women and girls. Traditional subordination of women as minorities has exacerbated the severity of the issues.Global Coalition on Women and AIDs is a comprehensive initiative that targets the root of this problem. Future initiatives for decreasing this gap of gender inequality should emphasize on empowering women and promoting their autonomy. Running Head: Face of AIDS: Gender Inequality and HIV/AIDS 5 References Brijnath, B. (2007). It’s about time: Engendering AIDS in Africa. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 9(4), 371-386. Carr, R. L. , & Gramling, L. F. (2004). Stigma: A health barrier for women with HIV/AIDS. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 15(5), 30-39. Mulligan, S. (2006). Women and HIV/AIDS.The Furrow, 57(4), 232-238. Quinn, T. C. , & Overbaugh, J. (2005). HIV/AIDS in women: An expanding epidemic. Women’s Health, 308, 1582-1583. Rountree, M. A. , & Mulraney, M. (2008). HIV/AIDS risk reduction intervention for women who have experienced intimate partner violence. Clinical Social Work Journal, 38, 207-216. The Global Coalition on Women and AIDS. (n. d. ). About GCWA. Retrieved March 25, 2011, from http://www. womenandaids. net/about-gcwa. aspx U. S. Global Health Policy. (2010). AIDS deaths (adults an d children) 2009. Retrieved March 27, 2011, from http://www. globalhealthfacts. org/topic. jsp? i=7

Life and Art of Eva Hesse, Postmodern Sculpture Pioneer

Eva Hesse was a German-American artist known for her work as a postmodern sculptor and draughtswoman. Her work is characterized by a willingness to experiment with material and form, fashioning work from latex, string, fiber glass, and rope. Though she died at the age of thirty-four, Hesse has had a lasting impact on American art as a radical voice that pushed the New York art world into an era beyond Abstract Expressionism and stark Minimalism, the dominant art movements at the time she was working in the 1960s. Fast Facts: Eva Hesse Occupation:  Artist, sculptor, draughtswomanKnown for:  Experimenting with materials such as latex, string, fiber glass, and ropeEducation: Pratt Institute of Design, Cooper Union, Yale University (B.A.)Born:  January 11, 1936 in Hamburg, GermanyDied:  May 29, 1970 in New York, New York Early Life Eva Hesse was born in Hamburg, Germany in 1936 to a secular Jewish family. At the age of two, she and her older sister were put on a train to the Netherlands in order to escape the increasing threat of the Nazi party in Germany following Kristallnacht. For six months, they lived in a Catholic orphanage without their parents. As Hesse was a sickly child, she was in and out of the hospital, with not even her older sister for company. Once reunited, the family escaped to England, where they lived for several months, before they were miraculously able to sail to the United States in 1939, on one of the last boats of refugees welcomed on American shores. Settling in New York did not spell peace for the Hesse family, however. Hesse’s father, a lawyer in Germany, trained and was able to work as an insurance broker, but her mother had trouble adjusting to life in the United States. As a manic depressive, she was frequently hospitalized and eventually left Hesse’s father for another man. Following the divorce, young Hesse never saw her mother again, and she later committed suicide in 1946, when Eva was ten years old. The chaos of her early life characterizes the trauma Hesse would endure throughout her life, with which she would wrestle in therapy for her entire adult life. Eva’s father married a woman also named Eva, the strangeness of which was not lost on the young artist. The two women did not see eye to eye, and Hesse left for art school at the age of sixteen. She dropped out of the Pratt Institute less than a year later, fed up with its mindless traditional teaching style, where she was forced to paint uninspired still life after uninspired still life. Still a teenager, she was forced to move back home, where she got a part time job at Seventeen magazine and began taking classes at the Art Students’ League. Hesse decided to take the entrance exam for the Cooper Union, passed, and attended the school for a year before moving on to get her BFA at Yale, where she studied under renowned painter and color theorist Josef Albers. Friends who knew Hesse at Yale remembered her to be his star student. Though she did not enjoy the program, she stayed until graduation in 1959. Return to Germany In 1961, Hesse married sculptor Tom Doyle. Described as equally â€Å"passionate† people, their marriage was not an easy one. Reluctantly, Hesse moved back to her native Germany with her husband in 1964, as he was awarded a fellowship there. While in Germany, Hesses art practice matured into what would become her best known work. She began using string in her sculpture, a material which resonated with her, as it was the most practical way of translating the lines of drawing into three dimensions. Critical Success Upon returning to the United States in 1965, Hesse began to hit her stride as a critically successful artist. The year 1966 saw two landmark group shows in which she exhibited: â€Å"Stuffed Expressionism† at Graham Gallery, and â€Å"Eccentric Abstraction† curated by Lucy R. Lippard at Fischbach Gallery. Her work was singled out and critically praised in both shows. (1966 also saw the dissolution of her marriage to Doyle through separation.) The next year Hesse was given her first solo show at Fischbach, and was included in the Warehouse Show, â€Å"9 at Leo Castelli† along with fellow Yale alumnus Richard Serra. She was the only woman artist among the nine to be given the honor. Artistic Milieu in New York City Hesse worked in a milieu of similarly-minded artists in New York, many of whom she called her friends. Nearest and dearest to her, however, was sculptor Sol LeWitt, eight years her senior, who she called one of the two people â€Å"who really know and trust me.† The two artists equally exchanged influence and ideas, perhaps the most famous example of which is LeWitt’s letter to Hesse, encouraging her to quit distracting herself with insecurity and just â€Å"DO.† Months after her death, LeWitt dedicated the first of his famous wall drawings using â€Å"not straight† lines to his late friend. Art In her own words, the closest summation Hesse managed to come up with to describe her work was â€Å"chaos structured as non-chaos,† as in sculptures that contained within them randomness and confusion, presented within structured scaffolding. â€Å"I want to extend my art into something that doesn’t exist,† she said, and though conceptualism was gaining popularity in the art world, critic Lucy Lippard says that Hesse was not interested in the movement as â€Å"material meant much too much to her.† The creation of â€Å"non-shapes,† as Hesse termed them, was one way to bridge the gap between her dedication to direct touch, investment in material, and abstract thinking.   Her use of unconventional materials like latex has sometimes meant that her work is difficult to preserve. Hesse said that, just as â€Å"life doesn’t last, art doesn’t last.† Her art attempted to â€Å"dismantle the center† and destabilize the â€Å"life force† of existence, departing from the stability and predictability of minimalist sculpture. Her work was a deviation from the norm and as a result has had an indelible impact on sculpture today, which uses many of the looping and asymmetrical constructions that she pioneered.   Legacy Hesse developed a brain tumor at the age of thirty-three and died in May 1970 at the age of thirty-four. Though Hesse did not live to participate in it, the women’s movement of the 1970s championed her work as a female artist and ensured her lasting legacy as a pioneer in the American art world. In 1972, the Guggenheim in New York staged a posthumous retrospective of her work, and in 1976 feminist critic and essayist Lucy R. Lippard published Eva Hesse, a monograph on the artist’s work and the first full length book to be published on virtually any American artist of the 1960s. It was organized by LeWitt and Hesse’s sister, Helen Charash. Tate Modern staged a retrospective of her work from 2002-2003. Sources Blanton Museum of Art (2014). Lucy Lippard Lecture on Eva Hesse. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?vV50g8spJrp8t2511s. (2014).Kort, C. and Sonneborn, L. (2002).  A to Z of American Women in the Visual Arts. New York: Facts on File, Inc. 93-95.Lippard, L. (1976). Eva Hesse. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press.Nixon, M. (2002). Eva Hesse. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.